diff --git a/src/lib/components/control-panel/general-panel.svelte b/src/lib/components/control-panel/general-panel.svelte
index f1b3c7e..6e4c0c8 100644
--- a/src/lib/components/control-panel/general-panel.svelte
+++ b/src/lib/components/control-panel/general-panel.svelte
@@ -12,8 +12,6 @@
   let dirty = $state(false);
   let busy = $state(false);
   let error = $state("");
-  let skinFile = $state<File | null>(null);
-  let skinInput = $state<HTMLInputElement | null>(null);
 
   $effect(() => {
     if (!dirty) displayName = $profile?.displayName ?? "";
@@ -23,15 +21,12 @@
   onMount(() => register("general", { apply, reset }, { dirty, busy }));
 
   function updateDirty() {
-    dirty =
-      displayName.trim() !== ($profile?.displayName ?? "") || skinFile !== null;
+    dirty = displayName.trim() !== ($profile?.displayName ?? "");
     error = "";
   }
 
   function reset() {
     displayName = $profile?.displayName ?? "";
-    skinFile = null;
-    if (skinInput) skinInput.value = "";
     dirty = false;
     error = "";
   }
@@ -47,13 +42,8 @@
     busy = true;
     error = "";
     try {
-      const skinData = skinFile
-        ? Array.from(new Uint8Array(await skinFile.arrayBuffer()))
-        : null;
-      await commands.updateProfile(nextName, skinData);
+      await commands.updateProfile(nextName, null);
       displayName = nextName;
-      skinFile = null;
-      if (skinInput) skinInput.value = "";
       dirty = false;
       return true;
     } catch (cause) {
@@ -88,34 +78,6 @@
       This name can be changed at any time.
     </p>
 
-    <label class="fieldset-label mt-2" for="skin-file">Character skin</label>
-    <div class="join w-full">
-      <input
-        class="input join-item min-w-0 flex-1"
-        value={skinFile?.name ?? ($profile?.skinHash ? "Custom skin" : "Default skin")}
-        readonly
-        aria-label="Selected character skin"
-      />
-      <button
-        class="btn join-item"
-        type="button"
-        disabled={!$profile || busy}
-        onclick={() => skinInput?.click()}>Choose PNG</button
-      >
-    </div>
-    <input
-      id="skin-file"
-      class="hidden"
-      type="file"
-      accept="image/png"
-      bind:this={skinInput}
-      onchange={(event) => {
-        skinFile = event.currentTarget.files?.[0] ?? null;
-        updateDirty();
-      }}
-    />
-    <p class="fieldset-label">64×64 Minecraft-format PNG, base layer only.</p>
-
     <label class="fieldset-label mt-2" for="public-key"
       >Identification Key
       <div
diff --git a/src/lib/components/control-panel/scene-panel.svelte b/src/lib/components/control-panel/scene-panel.svelte
index 5743994..20465b9 100644
--- a/src/lib/components/control-panel/scene-panel.svelte
+++ b/src/lib/components/control-panel/scene-panel.svelte
@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@
     sceneConfiguration,
     sceneConfigurationListenerError,
   } from "$lib/listeners/scene-configuration";
-  import { onMount } from "svelte";
+  import { profile, profileListenerError } from "$lib/listeners/profile";
+  import { onDestroy, onMount } from "svelte";
+  import PuppetPreview from "../../../routes/scene/components/renderer/puppet/preview.svelte";
   import PanelMessage from "./panel-message.svelte";
   import type { RegisterPanel } from "./types";
 
@@ -13,6 +15,9 @@
   let puppetScale = $state(1);
   let puppetOpacity = $state(1);
   let puppetMovementMode = $state<PuppetMovementMode>("free");
+  let skinFile = $state<File | null>(null);
+  let skinPreviewUrl = $state<string | null>(null);
+  let skinInput = $state<HTMLInputElement | null>(null);
   let dirty = $state(false);
   let busy = $state(false);
   let error = $state("");
@@ -27,19 +32,42 @@
   });
 
   onMount(() => register("scene", { apply, reset }, { dirty, busy }));
+  onDestroy(() => {
+    if (skinPreviewUrl) URL.revokeObjectURL(skinPreviewUrl);
+  });
 
-  function updateDirty() {
-    dirty =
+  function hasConfigurationChanges() {
+    return (
       puppetScale !== $sceneConfiguration.puppetScale ||
       puppetOpacity !== $sceneConfiguration.puppetOpacity ||
-      puppetMovementMode !== $sceneConfiguration.puppetMovementMode;
+      puppetMovementMode !== $sceneConfiguration.puppetMovementMode
+    );
+  }
+
+  function updateDirty() {
+    dirty = hasConfigurationChanges() || skinFile !== null;
     error = "";
   }
 
+  function clearSkinDraft() {
+    if (skinPreviewUrl) URL.revokeObjectURL(skinPreviewUrl);
+    skinFile = null;
+    skinPreviewUrl = null;
+    if (skinInput) skinInput.value = "";
+  }
+
+  function selectSkinFile(file: File | null) {
+    clearSkinDraft();
+    skinFile = file;
+    skinPreviewUrl = file ? URL.createObjectURL(file) : null;
+    updateDirty();
+  }
+
   function reset() {
     puppetScale = $sceneConfiguration.puppetScale;
     puppetOpacity = $sceneConfiguration.puppetOpacity;
     puppetMovementMode = $sceneConfiguration.puppetMovementMode;
+    clearSkinDraft();
     dirty = false;
     error = "";
   }
@@ -50,17 +78,29 @@
     busy = true;
     error = "";
     try {
-      const configuration = await commands.updateSceneConfiguration({
-        puppetScale,
-        puppetOpacity,
-        puppetMovementMode,
-      });
-      puppetScale = configuration.puppetScale;
-      puppetOpacity = configuration.puppetOpacity;
-      puppetMovementMode = configuration.puppetMovementMode;
+      if (skinFile) {
+        const currentProfile = await commands.getProfile();
+        const skinData = Array.from(
+          new Uint8Array(await skinFile.arrayBuffer()),
+        );
+        await commands.updateProfile(currentProfile.displayName, skinData);
+        clearSkinDraft();
+      }
+
+      if (hasConfigurationChanges()) {
+        const configuration = await commands.updateSceneConfiguration({
+          puppetScale,
+          puppetOpacity,
+          puppetMovementMode,
+        });
+        puppetScale = configuration.puppetScale;
+        puppetOpacity = configuration.puppetOpacity;
+        puppetMovementMode = configuration.puppetMovementMode;
+      }
       dirty = false;
       return true;
     } catch (cause) {
+      dirty = hasConfigurationChanges() || skinFile !== null;
       error = String(cause);
       return false;
     } finally {
@@ -70,52 +110,117 @@
 </script>
 
 <div class="space-y-3">
-  {#if error || $sceneConfigurationListenerError}
+  {#if error || $sceneConfigurationListenerError || $profileListenerError}
     <PanelMessage kind="error">
-      {error || $sceneConfigurationListenerError}
+      {error || $sceneConfigurationListenerError || $profileListenerError}
     </PanelMessage>
   {/if}
 
   <fieldset class="fieldset border border-base-300 bg-base-100 p-3">
     <legend class="fieldset-legend px-1">Puppets</legend>
 
-    <div class="flex items-center justify-between gap-3">
-      <label class="fieldset-label" for="puppet-scale">Scale</label>
-      <output class="badge badge-outline tabular-nums" for="puppet-scale">
-        {puppetScale.toFixed(2)}×
-      </output>
-    </div>
-    <input
-      id="puppet-scale"
-      class="range range-sm"
-      type="range"
-      min="0.5"
-      max="2"
-      step="0.05"
-      bind:value={puppetScale}
-      oninput={updateDirty}
-      disabled={busy}
-      aria-describedby="puppet-scale-help"
-    />
+    <div
+      class="grid grid-cols-[minmax(0,3fr)_minmax(0,4fr)] items-center gap-3"
+    >
+      <div class="flex flex-col gap-2">
+        <div class="aspect-square min-w-0">
+          {#if $profile}
+            <div
+              class="border border-primary relative shadow-[inset_0_0_10px] bg-primary/5 shadow-primary card"
+            >
+              <div
+                class="size-full absolute bg-gridded opacity-25 inset-0"
+              ></div>
+              <div class="size-full absolute">
+                <div
+                  class="flex flex-row size-full items-end justify-between text-[10px] text-primary p-1"
+                >
+                  <div class="text-start flex flex-col">
+                    <p>Scale</p>
+                    <p>Opacity</p>
+                  </div>
+                  <div class="text-end flex flex-col">
+                    <p>{(puppetScale * 100).toFixed(0)}%</p>
+                    <p>{(puppetOpacity * 100).toFixed(0)}%</p>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+              <div class="size-full z-10">
+                <PuppetPreview
+                  userId={$profile.id}
+                  skinHash={$profile.skinHash}
+                  skinSource={skinPreviewUrl}
+                  scale={puppetScale}
+                  opacity={puppetOpacity}
+                />
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          {:else}
+            <div
+              class="skeleton aspect-square size-full"
+              aria-label="Loading puppet preview"
+            ></div>
+          {/if}
+        </div>
+      </div>
 
-    <div class="mt-3 flex items-center justify-between gap-3">
-      <label class="fieldset-label" for="puppet-opacity">Opacity</label>
-      <output class="badge badge-outline tabular-nums" for="puppet-opacity">
-        {Math.round(puppetOpacity * 100)}%
-      </output>
+      <div class="min-w-0 space-y-2">
+        <div>
+          <label class="fieldset-label" for="puppet-scale">Scale</label>
+          <input
+            id="puppet-scale"
+            class="range range-sm"
+            type="range"
+            min="0.5"
+            max="2"
+            step="0.05"
+            bind:value={puppetScale}
+            oninput={updateDirty}
+            disabled={busy}
+            aria-describedby="puppet-scale-help"
+          />
+        </div>
+
+        <div>
+          <label class="fieldset-label" for="puppet-opacity">Opacity</label>
+          <input
+            id="puppet-opacity"
+            class="range range-sm"
+            type="range"
+            min="0.25"
+            max="1"
+            step="0.05"
+            bind:value={puppetOpacity}
+            oninput={updateDirty}
+            disabled={busy}
+            aria-describedby="puppet-opacity-help"
+          />
+        </div>
+
+        <div>
+          <label class="fieldset-label" for="puppet-skin">Custom Skin</label>
+          <div>
+            <button
+              class="btn w-full"
+              type="button"
+              disabled={!$profile || busy}
+              onclick={() => skinInput?.click()}
+            >
+              Choose file
+            </button>
+            <input
+              id="skin-file"
+              class="hidden"
+              type="file"
+              accept="image/png"
+              bind:this={skinInput}
+              onchange={(event) =>
+                selectSkinFile(event.currentTarget.files?.[0] ?? null)}
+            />
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </div>
     </div>
-    <input
-      id="puppet-opacity"
-      class="range range-sm"
-      type="range"
-      min="0.25"
-      max="1"
-      step="0.05"
-      bind:value={puppetOpacity}
-      oninput={updateDirty}
-      disabled={busy}
-      aria-describedby="puppet-opacity-help"
-    />
 
     <fieldset class="mt-4">
       <legend class="fieldset-label mb-2">Movement</legend>
@@ -185,3 +290,34 @@
     </fieldset>
   </fieldset>
 </div>
+
+<style>
+  .bg-gridded {
+    background-image:
+      linear-gradient(
+        0deg,
+        transparent 24%,
+        var(--color-primary) 25%,
+        var(--color-primary) 26%,
+        transparent 27%,
+        transparent 74%,
+        var(--color-primary) 75%,
+        var(--color-primary) 76%,
+        transparent 77%,
+        transparent
+      ),
+      linear-gradient(
+        90deg,
+        transparent 24%,
+        var(--color-primary) 25%,
+        var(--color-primary) 26%,
+        transparent 27%,
+        transparent 74%,
+        var(--color-primary) 75%,
+        var(--color-primary) 76%,
+        transparent 77%,
+        transparent
+      );
+    background-size: 32px 32px;
+  }
+</style>
diff --git a/src/routes/scene/components/renderer/puppet/animation.ts b/src/routes/scene/components/renderer/puppet/animation.ts
index 2f29292..17b3f68 100644
--- a/src/routes/scene/components/renderer/puppet/animation.ts
+++ b/src/routes/scene/components/renderer/puppet/animation.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import * as THREE from "three";
-import type { PuppetRig } from ".";
+import type { PuppetRig } from "./visual";
 
 const MIN_IDLE_FACING_OFFSET_DEGREES = 3;
 const MAX_IDLE_FACING_OFFSET_DEGREES = 5;
@@ -67,6 +67,10 @@ export class PuppetAnimation {
     this.rig.rightArm.rotation.x *= 0.8;
   }
 
+  walk(elapsedSeconds: number) {
+    this.animateWalkCycle(elapsedSeconds);
+  }
+
   private updateIdleTarget(isMoving: boolean) {
     if (isMoving) {
       this.wasMoving = true;
diff --git a/src/routes/scene/components/renderer/puppet/index.ts b/src/routes/scene/components/renderer/puppet/index.ts
index 51cfccd..6fc8f41 100644
--- a/src/routes/scene/components/renderer/puppet/index.ts
+++ b/src/routes/scene/components/renderer/puppet/index.ts
@@ -1,52 +1,26 @@
 import type { PuppetState } from "$lib/bindings";
 import * as THREE from "three";
 import type { World } from "../world";
-import { PuppetAnimation } from "./animation";
-import { PuppetSkin } from "./skin";
-
-const CAMERA_FACING_ROTATION_Y = Math.PI / 4;
-
-export type PuppetRig = {
-  root: THREE.Group;
-  body: THREE.Mesh<THREE.BoxGeometry, THREE.Material | THREE.Material[]>;
-  head: THREE.Mesh<THREE.BoxGeometry, THREE.Material | THREE.Material[]>;
-  leftArm: THREE.Group;
-  leftArmMesh: THREE.Mesh<THREE.BoxGeometry, THREE.Material | THREE.Material[]>;
-  rightArm: THREE.Group;
-  rightArmMesh: THREE.Mesh<
-    THREE.BoxGeometry,
-    THREE.Material | THREE.Material[]
-  >;
-  leftLeg: THREE.Group;
-  leftLegMesh: THREE.Mesh<THREE.BoxGeometry, THREE.Material | THREE.Material[]>;
-  rightLeg: THREE.Group;
-  rightLegMesh: THREE.Mesh<
-    THREE.BoxGeometry,
-    THREE.Material | THREE.Material[]
-  >;
-};
+import { PuppetVisual } from "./visual";
 
 export class Puppet {
   readonly root: THREE.Group;
 
-  private readonly rig: PuppetRig;
-  private readonly animation: PuppetAnimation;
-  private readonly skin: PuppetSkin;
+  private readonly visual: PuppetVisual;
   private readonly targetGroundPosition = new THREE.Vector3();
 
-  constructor(readonly id: string, scale: number) {
-    this.rig = this.createRig();
-    this.root = this.rig.root;
-    this.animation = new PuppetAnimation(this.rig);
-    const placeholderMaterial = this.rig.body.material;
-    this.skin = new PuppetSkin(id, this.rig);
-    this.setScale(scale);
-    if (!Array.isArray(placeholderMaterial)) placeholderMaterial.dispose();
+  constructor(
+    readonly id: string,
+    scale: number,
+  ) {
+    this.visual = new PuppetVisual(id);
+    this.root = this.visual.root;
+    this.visual.setScale(scale);
+    this.visual.setOpacity(1);
   }
 
   setScale(scale: number) {
-    if (this.root.scale.x === scale) return;
-    this.root.scale.setScalar(scale);
+    this.visual.setScale(scale);
   }
 
   update(
@@ -58,10 +32,10 @@ export class Puppet {
     skinHash: string | null,
     opacity: number,
   ) {
-    this.skin.update(skinHash);
-    this.skin.setOpacity(opacity);
+    this.visual.setSkin(skinHash);
+    this.visual.setOpacity(opacity);
     if (frozen) {
-      this.animation.pause();
+      this.visual.pause();
       return;
     }
 
@@ -70,7 +44,7 @@ export class Puppet {
       state.position.y,
       this.targetGroundPosition,
     );
-    this.animation.update(
+    this.visual.updateMotion(
       this.targetGroundPosition,
       state.isMoving,
       deltaSeconds,
@@ -79,101 +53,6 @@ export class Puppet {
   }
 
   dispose() {
-    this.skin.dispose();
-
-    const geometries = new Set<THREE.BufferGeometry>();
-    this.root.traverse((object) => {
-      if (!(object instanceof THREE.Mesh)) return;
-      geometries.add(object.geometry);
-    });
-    for (const geometry of geometries) geometry.dispose();
-  }
-
-  private createRig(): PuppetRig {
-    const root = new THREE.Group();
-    root.rotation.y = CAMERA_FACING_ROTATION_Y;
-    const material = new THREE.MeshStandardMaterial();
-
-    const body = new THREE.Mesh(
-      new THREE.BoxGeometry(16, 24, 8),
-      material,
-    );
-    body.position.y = 36;
-
-    const head = new THREE.Mesh(
-      new THREE.BoxGeometry(16, 16, 16),
-      material,
-    );
-    head.position.y = 56;
-
-    const { pivot: leftArm, mesh: leftArmMesh } = this.createLimbPivot(
-      -12,
-      48,
-      8,
-      24,
-      8,
-      material,
-    );
-    const { pivot: rightArm, mesh: rightArmMesh } = this.createLimbPivot(
-      12,
-      48,
-      8,
-      24,
-      8,
-      material,
-    );
-    const { pivot: leftLeg, mesh: leftLegMesh } = this.createLimbPivot(
-      -4,
-      24,
-      8,
-      24,
-      8,
-      material,
-    );
-    const { pivot: rightLeg, mesh: rightLegMesh } = this.createLimbPivot(
-      4,
-      24,
-      8,
-      24,
-      8,
-      material,
-    );
-
-    root.add(body, head, leftArm, rightArm, leftLeg, rightLeg);
-
-    return {
-      root,
-      body,
-      head,
-      leftArm,
-      leftArmMesh,
-      rightArm,
-      rightArmMesh,
-      leftLeg,
-      leftLegMesh,
-      rightLeg,
-      rightLegMesh,
-    };
-  }
-
-  private createLimbPivot(
-    x: number,
-    y: number,
-    width: number,
-    height: number,
-    depth: number,
-    material: THREE.Material,
-  ) {
-    const pivot = new THREE.Group();
-    pivot.position.set(x, y, 0);
-
-    const limb = new THREE.Mesh(
-      new THREE.BoxGeometry(width, height, depth),
-      material,
-    );
-    limb.position.y = -height / 2;
-    pivot.add(limb);
-
-    return { pivot, mesh: limb };
+    this.visual.dispose();
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/routes/scene/components/renderer/puppet/preview.svelte b/src/routes/scene/components/renderer/puppet/preview.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..170dff5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/routes/scene/components/renderer/puppet/preview.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+<script lang="ts">
+  import { onDestroy, onMount } from "svelte";
+  import * as THREE from "three";
+  import { PuppetVisual, SOUTH_WEST_ROTATION_Y } from "./visual";
+
+  let {
+    userId,
+    skinHash,
+    skinSource = null,
+    scale,
+    opacity,
+  }: {
+    userId: string;
+    skinHash: string | null;
+    skinSource?: string | null;
+    scale: number;
+    opacity: number;
+  } = $props();
+
+  let container = $state<HTMLDivElement | null>(null);
+  let renderer: THREE.WebGLRenderer | null = null;
+  let visual: PuppetVisual | null = null;
+  let clock: THREE.Timer | null = null;
+  let resizeObserver: ResizeObserver | null = null;
+  let animationFrameId = 0;
+
+  function animate() {
+    if (!renderer || !visual || !clock) return;
+    animationFrameId = requestAnimationFrame(animate);
+
+    clock.update();
+    visual.setAppearance({ skinHash, skinSource, scale, opacity });
+    visual.walkInPlace(SOUTH_WEST_ROTATION_Y, clock.getElapsed());
+    renderer.render(scene, camera);
+  }
+
+  function resizePreview() {
+    if (!container || !renderer) return;
+    const { clientWidth: width, clientHeight: height } = container;
+    if (width === 0 || height === 0) return;
+
+    renderer.setPixelRatio(window.devicePixelRatio);
+    renderer.setSize(width, height);
+    camera.left = width / -2;
+    camera.right = width / 2;
+    camera.top = height / 2;
+    camera.bottom = height / -2;
+    camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
+  }
+
+  const scene = new THREE.Scene();
+  scene.background = null;
+  const camera = new THREE.OrthographicCamera(-1, 1, 1, -1, 0.1, 1_000);
+  camera.position.set(200, 134, 200);
+  camera.lookAt(0, 34, 0);
+  camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
+
+  scene.add(new THREE.AmbientLight("white", 0.8));
+  const directionalLight = new THREE.DirectionalLight("white", 2);
+  directionalLight.position.set(200, 150, 150);
+  scene.add(directionalLight);
+
+  onMount(() => {
+    if (!container) return;
+
+    renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({ antialias: true, alpha: true });
+    renderer.setSize(1, 1);
+    container.appendChild(renderer.domElement);
+    resizePreview();
+
+    resizeObserver = new ResizeObserver(resizePreview);
+    resizeObserver.observe(container);
+
+    visual = new PuppetVisual(userId);
+    scene.add(visual.root);
+
+    clock = new THREE.Timer();
+    clock.connect(document);
+    animate();
+  });
+
+  onDestroy(() => {
+    cancelAnimationFrame(animationFrameId);
+    resizeObserver?.disconnect();
+    clock?.dispose();
+    visual?.dispose();
+    renderer?.dispose();
+    renderer?.domElement.remove();
+  });
+</script>
+
+<div
+  class="aspect-square size-full overflow-hidden"
+  aria-label="Live puppet preview"
+  role="img"
+  bind:this={container}
+></div>
diff --git a/src/routes/scene/components/renderer/puppet/skin.ts b/src/routes/scene/components/renderer/puppet/skin.ts
index b4fb427..8fc90d4 100644
--- a/src/routes/scene/components/renderer/puppet/skin.ts
+++ b/src/routes/scene/components/renderer/puppet/skin.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { resolveSkinSource } from "$lib/skins";
 import * as THREE from "three";
-import type { PuppetRig } from ".";
+import type { PuppetRig } from "./visual";
 
 type Region = {
   x: number;
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ export class PuppetSkin {
   private readonly material: THREE.MeshStandardMaterial;
   private readonly depthMaterial: THREE.MeshBasicMaterial;
   private texture: THREE.Texture | null = null;
-  private requestedHash: string | null | undefined;
+  private requestedSkinKey: string | undefined;
   private requestId = 0;
 
   constructor(
@@ -160,11 +160,21 @@ export class PuppetSkin {
   }
 
   update(skinHash: string | null) {
-    if (skinHash === this.requestedHash) return;
-    this.requestedHash = skinHash;
+    this.updateTexture(`hash:${skinHash ?? "default"}`, () =>
+      resolveSkinSource(this.userId, skinHash),
+    );
+  }
+
+  updateSource(source: string) {
+    this.updateTexture(`source:${source}`, () => Promise.resolve(source));
+  }
+
+  private updateTexture(key: string, resolveSource: () => Promise<string>) {
+    if (key === this.requestedSkinKey) return;
+    this.requestedSkinKey = key;
     const requestId = ++this.requestId;
 
-    resolveSkinSource(this.userId, skinHash)
+    resolveSource()
       .then(async (source) => {
         if (requestId !== this.requestId) return;
         const texture = await loadTexture(source);
diff --git a/src/routes/scene/components/renderer/puppet/visual.ts b/src/routes/scene/components/renderer/puppet/visual.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bbf8fc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/routes/scene/components/renderer/puppet/visual.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+import * as THREE from "three";
+import { PuppetAnimation } from "./animation";
+import { PuppetSkin } from "./skin";
+
+export const CAMERA_FACING_ROTATION_Y = Math.PI / 4;
+export const SOUTH_WEST_ROTATION_Y = -Math.PI / 0.01;
+
+export type PuppetAppearance = {
+  skinHash: string | null;
+  skinSource?: string | null;
+  scale: number;
+  opacity: number;
+};
+
+export type PuppetRig = {
+  root: THREE.Group;
+  body: THREE.Mesh<THREE.BoxGeometry, THREE.Material | THREE.Material[]>;
+  head: THREE.Mesh<THREE.BoxGeometry, THREE.Material | THREE.Material[]>;
+  leftArm: THREE.Group;
+  leftArmMesh: THREE.Mesh<THREE.BoxGeometry, THREE.Material | THREE.Material[]>;
+  rightArm: THREE.Group;
+  rightArmMesh: THREE.Mesh<
+    THREE.BoxGeometry,
+    THREE.Material | THREE.Material[]
+  >;
+  leftLeg: THREE.Group;
+  leftLegMesh: THREE.Mesh<THREE.BoxGeometry, THREE.Material | THREE.Material[]>;
+  rightLeg: THREE.Group;
+  rightLegMesh: THREE.Mesh<
+    THREE.BoxGeometry,
+    THREE.Material | THREE.Material[]
+  >;
+};
+
+export class PuppetVisual {
+  readonly root: THREE.Group;
+
+  private readonly rig: PuppetRig;
+  private readonly animation: PuppetAnimation;
+  private readonly skin: PuppetSkin;
+
+  constructor(userId: string) {
+    this.rig = createRig();
+    this.root = this.rig.root;
+    this.animation = new PuppetAnimation(this.rig);
+    const placeholderMaterial = this.rig.body.material;
+    this.skin = new PuppetSkin(userId, this.rig);
+    if (!Array.isArray(placeholderMaterial)) placeholderMaterial.dispose();
+  }
+
+  setAppearance({ skinHash, skinSource, scale, opacity }: PuppetAppearance) {
+    if (skinSource) this.setSkinSource(skinSource);
+    else this.setSkin(skinHash);
+    this.setScale(scale);
+    this.setOpacity(opacity);
+  }
+
+  setSkin(skinHash: string | null) {
+    this.skin.update(skinHash);
+  }
+
+  setSkinSource(source: string) {
+    this.skin.updateSource(source);
+  }
+
+  setScale(scale: number) {
+    if (this.root.scale.x !== scale) this.root.scale.setScalar(scale);
+  }
+
+  setOpacity(opacity: number) {
+    this.skin.setOpacity(opacity);
+  }
+
+  updateMotion(
+    targetGroundPosition: THREE.Vector3,
+    isMoving: boolean,
+    deltaSeconds: number,
+    elapsedSeconds: number,
+  ) {
+    this.animation.update(
+      targetGroundPosition,
+      isMoving,
+      deltaSeconds,
+      elapsedSeconds,
+    );
+  }
+
+  walkInPlace(facingRotationY: number, elapsedSeconds: number) {
+    this.root.rotation.y = facingRotationY;
+    this.animation.walk(elapsedSeconds);
+  }
+
+  pause() {
+    this.animation.pause();
+  }
+
+  dispose() {
+    this.skin.dispose();
+
+    const geometries = new Set<THREE.BufferGeometry>();
+    this.root.traverse((object) => {
+      if (object instanceof THREE.Mesh) geometries.add(object.geometry);
+    });
+    for (const geometry of geometries) geometry.dispose();
+  }
+}
+
+function createRig(): PuppetRig {
+  const root = new THREE.Group();
+  root.rotation.y = CAMERA_FACING_ROTATION_Y;
+  const material = new THREE.MeshStandardMaterial();
+
+  const body = new THREE.Mesh(new THREE.BoxGeometry(16, 24, 8), material);
+  body.position.y = 36;
+
+  const head = new THREE.Mesh(new THREE.BoxGeometry(16, 16, 16), material);
+  head.position.y = 56;
+
+  const { pivot: leftArm, mesh: leftArmMesh } = createLimbPivot(
+    -12,
+    48,
+    8,
+    24,
+    8,
+    material,
+  );
+  const { pivot: rightArm, mesh: rightArmMesh } = createLimbPivot(
+    12,
+    48,
+    8,
+    24,
+    8,
+    material,
+  );
+  const { pivot: leftLeg, mesh: leftLegMesh } = createLimbPivot(
+    -4,
+    24,
+    8,
+    24,
+    8,
+    material,
+  );
+  const { pivot: rightLeg, mesh: rightLegMesh } = createLimbPivot(
+    4,
+    24,
+    8,
+    24,
+    8,
+    material,
+  );
+
+  root.add(body, head, leftArm, rightArm, leftLeg, rightLeg);
+
+  return {
+    root,
+    body,
+    head,
+    leftArm,
+    leftArmMesh,
+    rightArm,
+    rightArmMesh,
+    leftLeg,
+    leftLegMesh,
+    rightLeg,
+    rightLegMesh,
+  };
+}
+
+function createLimbPivot(
+  x: number,
+  y: number,
+  width: number,
+  height: number,
+  depth: number,
+  material: THREE.Material,
+) {
+  const pivot = new THREE.Group();
+  pivot.position.set(x, y, 0);
+
+  const limb = new THREE.Mesh(
+    new THREE.BoxGeometry(width, height, depth),
+    material,
+  );
+  limb.position.y = -height / 2;
+  pivot.add(limb);
+
+  return { pivot, mesh: limb };
+}